What is 5S ?

It's not just about Good Housekeeping
So what is 5S, Workplace Organisation and what is all about?
5S is a methodology for creating a high performance workplace that is free of clutter and has " A place for everything and everything in its place"
It is fundamental to creating a Continuous Improvement Culture.
It is if you like the foundation that we build a Lean Organisation upon.
The 5S technique is intolerant of waste, and helps you create an environment where things are easier to find, and abnormality visually jumps out at you.
Adopting 5S brings a neater, easier to understand office that has improved productivity, fewer errors, which processes customer requirements in a more predictable manner.
It creates a better working environment which is free of clutter leading to ..... ........Stress reduction
Here are just a few examples of the types of thing we waste time on due to lack of Workplace Organisation.
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Looking for files |
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Only one person knows where stationery is kept and organised |
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We can't find a trolley when we need one |
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Missing keys for a room or a cupboard |
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Cannot find an overhead projector when we need one |
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Cannot find a spreadsheet or electronic file on our PC |
So what are the 5S?
The 5S originated from 5 Japanese words but in my workshops I describe them as follows:
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Sort |
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Straighten |
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Scrub |
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Systems |
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Sustain |
Let me take you through each S and what they are all about:
The first S - Sort
Sort means, clearly distinguishing between:
1) What is needed and should be kept?
2) What is not needed and should be removed?

"If in doubt move it out"
Take a look around your own office.
Many of the items there are no longer required, have never been required, are broken and need fixed, have been "borrowed" from a different department and never returned or are simply in the wrong place or are poorly labelled and identified.
In general this amounts to "clutter". Lots of it.
How many pencils, pens, rubbers, envelopes, rolls of tape does any individual need?
Often, we tend to hoard stationery, much like pirates capturing treasure, and woe betide anyone who tries to get if off us.
The amusing thing is that although we all seem to hoard private collections, we constantly run out of stuff as there are no real systems in place.
Locked filing cabinets with unknown contents are another good example!
"Oh that filing cabinet was used by Joe but he moved 3 months ago and I think there is still some of his paperwork in it".
People seem to leave their "paperwork DNA" all over offices.
So by now, hopefully you recognise that there are lots of items spread over the office that have no clear function or purpose.
How do we go about separating the "clutter" from the needed items?
The First S - Sort - The Red Tagging Process
One very practical way to sort out what we need from what we don't need, is by conducting a red tagging process.

This involves using conspicuous red tag labels, to attach to objects, that we don't think should be in the area or are not in good order.
The Main steps are as follows:-
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Inform everyone ahead of time that a red tag campaign will be taking place in the office and that everyone's help will be needed |
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Identify an area to store red tag items temporarily |
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Identify red tag targets and criteria. Typically if something has not been used within a month then we may choose to red tag that item |
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Attach red tags to targets and document activity on a log sheet and then move them into a red tag area.
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Review and disposition the red tag items |
So, what are the typical types of red tag targets we go after?
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Desks |
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Stationery |
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Filling Cabinets |
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Files and Folders |
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Out of date documents |
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Books |
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Equipment (Telephone, Fax, P.C.) |
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Correspondence |
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Business Forms |
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Paper |
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Catalogues |
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Shelves |
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Chairs |
However, we must never red tag people! Altough it is sometimes tempting....
Once all items have been red tagged, then the team should review each items to agree on the appropriate course of action.
Typical Potential actions are as follows:
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Re-organise storage of item |
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Sell item |
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Re-locate item |
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Repair item |
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Give away item |
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Dispose of item |
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Re label item |
So at the end of the first S stage, Sort, we should have separated out those things we need, and those things we don't need.
Just doing the first S can have a big impact. I was in one city centre office where we managed to free up 190 square metres of expensive office space by just getting rid of the items we didn't need.
The Second S - Straighten
Straighten means organising the way needed things are kept so that anyone can find them easily.
-There must be a location for all needed things. -There must be a limit to how much of each item can be stored. -Make the items easy for anyone to find, use and return.
For every item indicate:-
- What it is. - Where it is stored. - The amount there should be of that item.
When we "straighten" the office here are just a few of the things we are trying to achieve.
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Re-organise storage of item |
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Sell itemEliminate searching time (waste) for documents, staplers, markers etc |
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Re-locate itemMake things easier to get to and use - most frequently used items nearby |
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Repair itemMake things easy to put back - maintain the orderliness. |
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Give away itemMake thing understandable at a glance - visual controls. |
"Orderliness is meaningless unless everyone knows where things are kept and how to find / use them "
The Third S - Scrub
Scrub means, creating a clean work environment that is free from clutter and contamination.
There are various things we need to do to make this happen.
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Identify daily cleaning activities (with suppliers) and routine maintenance required. |
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Zone areas to avoid duplication of effort and create ownership | Often it is the shared areas of the office that are the worst areas as no one seems to have responsibility for them. e.g. photocopiers etc
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Create standards for maintaining personal workspace |
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Identify and resolve areas of chronic contamination |
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Do daily walk a-rounds to ensure that there are no areas of clutter and take immediate action if there is. |
The Fourth S - Systems
This means review the first 3S's regularly to identify sources of abnormality and make further improvements to the office.
The forth S is concerned with making the first 3 S's unbreakable.
For instance:
Sort - Use a few red tags every day to avoid clutter building up
Straighten - Continually think of ways to make it impossible to put things in the wrong place.
Scrub - Find the sources of dirt and clutter and develop counter measures.
When abnormality occurs ask "why" 5 times until you get to the route cause of the problem and then apply counter measures.
"If things don't get dirty and cluttered you don't need to clean up all the time"
The Fifth S - Sustain
Sustain, means creating an environment, where the 5S has been adopted as a way of life around the office, and people are continually thinking of ways to make things even better.
Once you have created a fantastic workspace, guess what, unless you maintain discipline, then very quickly it will revert back to the old clutter and inefficiency that you had before.
Here are just a few of the things that we need to do to make the fifth S happen
So, in summary what are the 5S?
I challenge you to think about applying some of these ideas to your own work and home environment!
You could save yourself some money by not having to buy something that you know you already have somewhere in your house but are not quite sure where it is!
Hope this helps.
Best regards,
Graham Ross
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